Structuralists, a language that allow us to identify the element of the system, accept as true that combine systems as a whole, and as a whole act as one system. So to speak those mixtures of the element form into one big element.
Let me try to simplify it, imaging that those complicated systems are just like many of those cute transparent bubbles. After they had gather together at the top of the water, those tiny little bubble will eventually form into one big bubble which we do not call them many bubble but just one big bubble.
It is same theory for those systems. When many system gather together, we do not call them many system but as a whole of one effective system.

After study of the structuralists , I realize that it is similar to the way of how games work. When player are playing the game, they do not aspect of the elements of the game but the game itself. When the game fail, is not that just a few problem cause it to fail but is the whole thing that make it fail. To have better of way to say it is that the game have more bad points rather than good points, which most game designer fail to see it this way because they were too focus on to their ideas or maybe just do not admit that their idea suck.
What I am saying is base on say evident and my perspective on some of the games. Just look at final fantasy as an example, do the turn base strategic work well in role playing games? For me I would disagree on it because the game is just way too slow, too troublesome as every battle I cannot avoid but to fight, and to kill those monsters I had to use powerful spell repeat number of times to just past through the dungeon. Of cause not to add in that the better spell you using, the longer the animation will be. =D

Semiotics, the way of study signs and symbols that deeper than it look as. Semiotics is opposite of the way of so called “normal” idea as “normal” ways of forming idea is through brainstorming and coming up idea base on their dreams and experiences. However, semiotics is base on certain subject such as clouds or stars to form ideas. Astronomy is the one who using semiotics to understand certain things that no one would able to figure out what is going on in their head until they really speak out some of the really good points.

As for metaphors, it will be quite useful for me as it allow us to send a message or feeling to the player. One example is gamer verses alien, we all know that alien cannot be real on earth but why do the player get scare of being attack by them? Because the way of metaphor comparing the game to the real world. Although we cannot be possible to find any alien to jump on us but what if we compare alien to some large breed dogs? Would we get worry with the image of them suddenly started attacking us same way as the game itself?